OOP's Concepts

Basic OOPS Concepts

Q1. What is Object Oriented Programming?

Ans:-

a)   Object Oriented Programming decomposes a program into real world entities called as objects and then creates data and function around these objects.
b)    Object Oriented Programming is based on 4 major pillars which are as follows:

         i. Abstraction:-
                    This deals with identifying the key aspects of a system. This is normally required during requirement analysis phase.

        ii. Encapsulation:-
                     The key aspects identified during abstraction are secured using encapsulation. This deals with hiding the interface from implementation. Hence its purpose is security.

       iii. Inheritance:-
                     This deals with incorporating the essential features from a base class in a derived class. Thus it helps in reusability of methods and its main purpose is for grouping.

       iv.  Polymorphism:-
                      This helps when a same message is sent by different objects to obtain different behaviour from a method.

    c)   Object Oriented Programming also has 3 minor pillars which are as follows:                       

             i. Strong type casting:-
                        This helps in avoiding mixing of abstraction i.e. key aspects identified during requirement analysis.

             ii. Persistence:-
                         This helps in a safe state of an object.

             iii. Concurrency:-
                         This deals with simultaneously performing various tasks for better performance.

Q2. What is an object and a class?

Ans:-

a)      Object:-

         ·  An object is an real-world entity that has a structure and behaviour
         · The characteristics of an object are as follows:-
                         i.  Identity
                         ii. State
                        iii. Behaviour
                        iv. Responsibility
 b)      Class:-

         ·   A class is a template.
         ·   It can also be described as a collection of data members and member functions.